Bi-weekly Update on the Current Situation in Myanmar
(16-09-2024 to 30-09-2024)
(44) months ago, on 1 February, 2021, the military junta attempted an illegal coup, toppled the civilian government, and unlawfully detained State Counsellor Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, President U Win Myint, and other senior members of the civilian government, parliamentarians and activists. Since then, the military junta has ignored the will of the people of Myanmar, placed the country in turmoil, and made people suffer tremendously as a result of its inhumane and disproportionate acts.
As of 30 September 2024, according to the Assistance Association for Political Prisoners (AAPP), the military has ruthlessly killed 5,931 people and arrested another 27,633 people. 21,083 people remain in detention and 170 people have been sentenced to death, including 119 post-coup death row prisoners and 44 in absentia since 1 February 2021, when the military unleashed systematic and targeted attacks and violence against innocent civilians. Four democracy activists who were sentenced to death were executed by the military junta in July 2022.
Crimes committed Across Myanmar by the Junta Troops and its affiliates
Crimes perpetrated by the junta troops and its associates, militias across Myanmar include extrajudicial killings, arbitrary arrests and detentions, torture, sexual violence, enforced disappearances, and the targeting of civilians, including children. These atrocities have led to widespread displacement, destruction of civilian properties, and a climate of fear and insecurity among the civilian population. The junta's widespread and systematic tactics of brutality are aimed at suppressing dissent and maintaining its grip on power, regardless of the human cost and violations of international law.
According to the data collected by the AAPP, from September 1 to 30, 2024, a total of (117) people; (50) women and (67) men, were killed by the junta across the country, including (12) children under the age of 18. The identities of these victims have been verified. Among the (117) fatalities, the Rakhine State records the highest number of deaths, with (23) people and the number of people killed by the junta’s airstrikes was the highest, totalling (74).
In addition, during the stated period, (94) people in total; (22) women and (72) men, were arrested in relation to the Spring Revolution and still detained by the junta across the country. Among the (94) arrests, Yangon Region records the highest number of arrests with (30) people.
Mass Murders, War Crimes, and Crimes against Humanity Committed by the Military Junta
Military Junta Intensifies Airstrikes in Chin State's Mindat Township
According to Myanmar Now, military junta warplanes have conducted over a dozen airstrikes in Mindat Township, Chin State in recent weeks, demonstrating an escalation in aerial attacks against civilian areas.
The most recent attacks occurred on 18 and 19 September 2024, according to a representative of the Mindat Township's People Administrative Team. The military junta carried out three airstrikes during these two days, adding to at least 15 aerial attacks conducted in previous weeks.
While no civilian casualties have been reported from the recent strikes, the targeted villages, which are under the control of the Chinland Defence Force-Mindat and allied groups, have experienced significant displacement of civilians.
A spokesperson for Mindat's administrative team highlighted that the military junta is conducting indiscriminate aerial assaults on both civilian and military targets, even in the absence of ground combat, raising serious concerns about violations of international humanitarian law. Relief workers report that tens of thousands of civilians have been displaced by these attacks. A volunteer assisting displaced villagers told Myanmar Now that nearly every village near Mindat has been evacuated due to frequent airstrikes.
Since the military junta seized power in 2021, approximately 16,000 civilians have been forced to flee from both urban and rural areas of Mindat Township. Of these, 6,000 were displaced from urban areas following the announcement of a major resistance offensive in May targeting the military junta-controlled administrative centre. The military junta maintains at least six positions in Mindat Town, which has seen its population reduced to approximately five percent of pre-conflict levels.
The impact on civilian infrastructure has been severe. Since mid-July, schools in which are located in the areas which the military junta cannot control have been closed due to the threat of airstrikes. A local volunteer emphasized that many children remain displaced in remote areas, unable to continue their education as they seek safety from aerial attacks.
Military Junta's Artillery and Airstrikes Kill Two Civilians in Hpakant
Military junta forces killed two civilians through artillery fire in Hpakant's Hnget Pyaw Taw Ward, Kachin State, on 16 September 2024. The artillery shell by the military struck the main road around 1:30 pm, killing an elderly man and a young man instantly. The junta forces also conducted two airstrikes on Hseng Taung village that afternoon, causing extensive damage to civilian infrastructure. Over 150 homes have been destroyed due to the airstrikes in the area.
The violence erupted after junta troops seized the Lucky Men Hotel in Hseng Taung, where they continue to hold civilians hostage. The KIA has captured 19 military bases in Hpakant Township since March, though junta forces maintain control of key facilities including Mazwutyang Prison and local police stations.
Military Junta's Airstrikes Kill Civilian in Hsipaw, Northern Shan State
Military junta forces conducted airstrikes on Hsipaw Township, northern Shan State, on 11 September 2024, killing one woman and injuring multiple civilians. According to the Shan Human Rights Foundation (SHRF), the attacks targeted three urban wards, with flying shrapnel fatally wounding a woman in the West Block and causing injuries in Zay and Pathein Taung wards.
The Ta'ang National Liberation Army (TNLA) reported that junta warplanes dropped at least 50 bombs on Hsipaw, causing significant civilian casualties and property damage. The attacks come as TNLA forces maintain control of approximately 60 percent of Infantry Battalion 23 base, despite Chinese pressure to suspend military operations.
These attacks demonstrate the junta's continued pattern of indiscriminate violence against civilians, violating international humanitarian law and human rights standards. The use of aerial bombardment in populated areas shows a blatant disregard for civilian lives and infrastructure.
The junta forces also conducted airstrikes on Nawnghkio, another TNLA-controlled town. This escalation follows the TNLA's capture of two artillery battalion bases in Tawng Hkam village last month. Local rights groups report that junta aerial assaults and shelling have killed more than 20 civilians in Hsipaw Township alone, with recent attacks in Namkham resulting in at least a dozen civilian deaths.
Military Junta Forces Kill Eight Civilians, Use Hostages as Human Shields in Shwebo
Military junta forces killed eight civilians during its brutal raid on Hta Naung Wun Village, Sagaing Region between 12 and 15 September 2024. A column of approximately 80 troops from Infantry Battalion 42 conducted the operation, which began with artillery fire and shooting that killed two villagers attempting to flee - 24-year-old Yi Yi Khin and Maung Ngwe, a man in his 60s.
The junta troops also tortured and executed six hostages - four men and two women in their 30s - who were forced to walk ahead of the column as human shields against landmines. Their bodies, dressed in black clothing to falsely suggest resistance force membership, were discovered in three locations after the junta forces departed. Local sources reported severe torture signs including strangulation, facial disfigurement, gunshot wounds to the head, and extensive knife wounds.
During their three-day occupation, the junta forces detained approximately 80 villagers and confiscated their phones. Upon departing on 15 September 2024, they took another 40-year-old man hostage, whose whereabouts remain unknown. The column was later forced to return to Shwebo following resistance forces' ambush.
This escalation of violence comes as the junta attempts to secure territory between the Mu and Ayeyarwady rivers, including Shwebo, Depayin, Ayadaw, Wetlet, Khin-U, and Ye-U townships, following the People's Defence Force's capture of Singu Township in June. Most villagers remain displaced, fearing landmines planted by junta troops.
Military Junta Forces Kill Six Resistance Fighters after arrest in Mandalay Region
According to Myanmar Now, six resistance fighters were killed after they were arrested by military junta forces in Taungtha Township, Mandalay Region on 17 September 2024, demonstrating another instance of human rights violations and breaches of international humanitarian law.
The incident occurred in Thar Yar Gyi Village, approximately five miles northwest of Taungtha Town, according to Sai Ja Lu, leader of the Myingyan Township People's Defence Team (PDT).
Military junta soldiers employed deceptive tactics by impersonating resistance members. They integrated themselves with members of the group during a walk, claiming to be from another battalion, Sai Ja Lu told Myanmar Now on 18 September 2024.
Among those killed was Hla Myo Kyaw, the Myingyan PDT second-in-command, a veteran pro-democracy activist who had been involved in resistance activities since the nationwide uprising of August 1988. The All Burma Federation of Student Unions Myingyan chapter issued a statement on 17 September 2024 commemorating Hla Myo Kyaw's dedication to the struggle for democracy. Military Junta Artillery Strikes Kill Six Civilians Including Four Children in Mandalay Region
According to Myanmar Now, military junta artillery strikes killed two women and four children in Thone Se Pay Village, Madaya Township, Mandalay Region on 21 September 2024, demonstrating another instance of indiscriminate attacks on civilians in violation of international humanitarian law.
A resident near Thone Se Pay, situated approximately five miles north of Mandalay on the Ayeyarwady River's east bank, reported that the casualties occurred during heavy artillery fire and airstrikes by the military junta troops.
The continuous artillery bombardment persisted throughout the day, intensifying due to the area's proximity to Mandalay and the military junta's reported casualties. Military junta forces positioned within a few miles launched artillery strikes from multiple locations surrounding the village, including the Minkun Township police station across the river in Sagaing Region, the Madaya football field, and the villages of Nyaung Kone, Pauk Wea, Htee Taw Moe and Shwe Kyin.
The artillery strikes killed an elderly woman from Su Lay Kone Village, a nursing mother and her infant, a five-year-old boy, and an eight-year-old girl. Another five-year-old boy who was initially injured succumbed to his wounds on 22 September 2024, according to a local source.
The advancing military junta column, comprising approximately 100 soldiers and affiliated militia members, burned seven houses in Thone Se Pay village. This incident follows the deaths of three locals on 18 September 2024, when military junta forces shelled Thone Se Pay with heavy artillery, targeting suspected resistance positions. Since 25 June 2024, the MDY-PDF has captured more than 30 military junta base camps in Madaya Township and an outpost at the military junta-controlled Alpha Cement Factory in Patheingyi Township.
Human Rights Abuses
Military Junta Forces Torture Twenty-Three Civilians at Letpadaung Copper Mine
Military junta forces stationed at the Letpadaung copper mine in Salingyi Township, Sagaing Region, arbitrarily detained and tortured twenty-three local civilians following resistance forces' operations at the site, according to Myanmar Now. The victims, comprising nine men and fourteen women, were held from 12 September 2024 to 16 September 2024.
The detained civilians endured systematic torture and interrogation about the blast that occurred at the mine site on 12 September 2024 evening. A released detainee described severe physical abuse during interrogations, with multiple victims sustaining serious injuries including eye trauma, head wounds, and abdominal injuries from repeated beatings and kicks.
In a particularly severe violation of human rights law, intoxicated soldiers subjected a young civilian to cruel treatment, forcing him to lie face down while threatening to stab his hands with a knife. The victim had been arrested while returning from peanut harvesting activities.
Concurrent with the detentions, junta forces conducted extensive raids across neighboring villages for three days, coinciding with the transportation of copper plates to a Chindwin River port. The Letpadaung mine, which serves as a significant revenue source for the illegal military junta, operates as a joint venture between the junta-owned Union of Myanmar Economic Holdings, Ltd (UMEHL) and subsidiaries of Chinese state-owned Wanbao Mining Company. The profit structure allocates 51 percent to state-owned No. 1 Mining Enterprise, 30 percent to Wanbao, and 19 percent to UMEHL. Despite a temporary suspension in 2022 due to resistance activities, operations resumed in early 2024. Recent drone strikes by anti-junta groups have prompted intensified military presence and civilian targeting in surrounding areas.
The area around Letpadaung has experienced widespread civilian displacement due to escalating violence, with numerous killings reported near the mining site. These actions by the military junta represent clear violations of international humanitarian law protecting civilians from arbitrary detention, torture, and collective punishment.
Military Junta Arrests Seven in Mandalay for Online Expression
According to Myanmar Now, at least seven individuals have been detained in Mandalay during September 2024 for expressing criticism of the military junta online, highlighting ongoing violations of freedom of expression.
On 23 September 2024, military junta forces arrested a woman at a restaurant in Chanayethazan Township after she posted social media comments about the recent civilian casualties from military junta shelling in Thone Se Pay village, located approximately five miles north of Mandalay.
A township resident explained that Aye Aye Soe, 35, was arrested for writing that the military junta was targeting civilians due to their reluctance to directly engage resistance forces. Photos circulated on pro-military junta Telegram channels showed her kneeling between restaurant tables, handcuffed with her hands raised above her head.
Two additional arrests were reported in the area: a man in his 50s for critical Facebook posts about the military junta and another in his 30s for sending a message to his friend in an armed group expressing that he missed him.
On 20 September 2024, military junta forces conducted phone searches on 26th Street in Aungmyaythazan Township, resulting in at least two arrests. A local woman told Myanmar Now that while many people were stopped returning from work, those without incriminating content on their phones were released.
According to a local source, there were several other arrests due to their expression online; a 25-year-old man on 18 September 2024 for critical posts, multiple individuals on 4 September 2024 for complaining about power outages, and a woman on 8 September 2024 for having an anti-military junta tattoo.
Local sources indicate that the military junta has intensified security measures in Mandalay amid ongoing resistance force operations north and southwest of the city, leading to increased arrests.
Since the military junta seized power in February 2021, numerous Mandalay residents, including monks, doctors, lawyers, and teachers, have been arrested, demonstrating a pattern of systematic suppression of civil liberties and human rights violations.
Another Death in Military Junta Custody Reveals Pattern of Torture and Killings
Military junta authorities in Mandalay Region have admitted to killing 28-year-old house painter Aung Myint Myat during interrogation, one month after initially claiming he had been released unharmed. The victim was detained on 17 July 2024 at the general administration office in Kyauk Mee village, Patheingyi Township.
After a month-long search by family and friends, junta officials finally admitted on 14 August 2024 that Aung Myint Myat had died during interrogation. A photograph obtained shows the victim's body bearing severe bruises and bloody wounds on his arms, neck, and chest. Sources close to the family reported that Aung Myint Myat had pleaded for mercy during torture, mentioning his pregnant wife and denying any political involvement.
The Kyauk Mee village administration office, staffed by junta forces and their affiliated militias, has become notorious for arbitrary detention, brutal interrogations, and extortion of civilians. This incident follows a pattern of escalating violence against civilians in the Mandalay Region, including the shooting deaths of two young men at a checkpoint on 27 August 2024 and the killing of three monastery painters in Natogyi Township in February.
Military Junta Obstructs Flood Relief Efforts in Central Myanmar
Military junta forces are hampering humanitarian aid delivery to flood-affected communities across central Myanmar in the aftermath of Cyclone Yagi. In Yedashe Township, Bago Region, junta personnel have established checkpoints at Thagaya Bridge, severely restricting the flow of essential supplies to villages east of the Sittaung River.
Despite widespread flooding affecting at least 30 villages along the Sittaung River, junta forces continue imposing stringent inspections on aid deliveries, particularly targeting areas known for resistance activity. Local sources report that the junta has warned civilians against accepting assistance from non-junta affiliated groups and maintains strict oversight of aid distribution.
The flooding has caused extensive damage across multiple regions. In Kalaw, southern Shan State, nearly 900 houses were damaged and 255 completely destroyed, displacing approximately 4,000 people. Local social welfare teams report that over 100 people have died, though junta authorities acknowledge only 13 fatalities.
In Inle Lake area, more than 170 villages face severe flooding, with water levels rising above 10 feet. Yamethin Township in Mandalay Region has suffered catastrophic losses, with at least 12 villages completely destroyed. Local volunteers report recovering over 100 bodies, including 50 from Tha Pyay Pin village alone. As of 12 September 2024, while the junta has requested international assistance, its restrictions continue to impede effective humanitarian response to affected communities.
Actions of Resistance Forces against the Junta
Kachin Forces Capture Chipwe, a Strategic Town in Northern Myanmar
The Kachin Independence Army (KIA) announced the capture of Chipwe, a town in northern Kachin State previously controlled by a military junta-affiliated Border Guard Force (BGF), according to Myanmar Now.
KIA spokesperson Colonel Naw Bu confirmed that KIA and the Kachin People's Defence Force (PDF) successfully overtook key military junta outposts and positions around the town on 29 September. However, he noted that a nearby tactical hill remained unconquered as of 30 September, while fighting continued in Tsawlaw, approximately 20 miles north of Chipwe.
Chipwe, a town of 10,000 residents located 75 miles northeast of Myitkyina, lies within Kachin Special Region 1. This area was previously controlled by Zakhung Ting Ying, who transformed his New Democratic Army-Kachin into a BGF under military control in 2009.
In June, Zakhung Ting Ying ordered his troops to attack and "crush" KIA and PDF forces in the area, a directive that KIA vice chief-of-staff General Gun Maw criticized as inappropriate.
This capture adds to KIA's recent territorial gains. Since March 7, KIA-led forces have seized numerous military junta camps and several towns including Sumprabum, Injangyang, Sadung, Sinbo, Myo Hla, Dawthponeyan, Momauk, and Lwegel in Kachin State, as well as Mabein in northern Shan State.
Military Junta Forces Abandon Strategic Base in Sagaing Region Following Resistance Pressure
Myanmar Now reported that military junta forces stationed near Khin-U town in Sagaing Region were forced to abandon their base on 18 September 2024, following sustained pressure from resistance forces.
The base, situated in Ma Daung Hla village approximately seven miles north of Khin-U, had endured two significant attacks in August, prompting the military junta to respond with destructive airstrikes on the village. A local resistance member described the aftermath of the airstrikes: The village became uninhabitable. The airstrikes destroyed most houses, leaving only a hilltop pagoda, the monastery, and the rice mill standing. Despite the base being heavily fortified with bunkers and trenches, the destruction of surrounding structures left it vulnerable. The absence of buildings eliminated tactical cover, leaving the position exposed both to ground attacks and aerial observation.
On 17 September 2024, approximately 200 military junta forces and their affiliated militia members left the village and moved northward toward Kanbalu Township. Local resistance groups engaged with the withdrawing military junta forces twice during their retreat, though no casualties were reported. However, a local defence team officer revealed that two of their members sustained serious injuries from landmines while inspecting the abandoned base.
The extensive placement of landmines at the site suggests the military junta forces have permanently abandoned the position, the officer noted. While Ma Daung Hla remains uninhabitable, residents of surrounding villages can now return to their communities, according to local resistance forces.
However, many returning civilians may find their homes destroyed, as military junta forces conducted systematic arson attacks on at least 10 villages following resistance operations in August, further demonstrating their pattern of targeting civilian infrastructure in violation of international humanitarian law.
Activities of the National Unity Government and Ethnic Groups
Chin Resistance Forces Reach Agreement to End Internal Conflicts
Myanmar Now reported that leaders of anti-junta resistance forces based in Chin State convened in India's Mizoram state third week of September 2024, reaching an agreement aimed at ending months of sporadic clashes among their respective groups.
Following negotiations in Mizoram, groups affiliated with the Chinland Council and the Interim Chin National Consultative Council (ICNCC), from which the Chinland Council separated in 2023, announced on 15 September 2024 that they had agreed to a process for settling intergroup disputes peacefully.
Salai Paul, a Chinland Council spokesperson, emphasized their commitment to dialogue: We still have matters to discuss among ourselves. If disagreements occur, our priority will be to gather at the table to resolve them peacefully rather than resorting to violence.
The Chin National Front (CNF) and its armed wing, the Chin National Army (CNA), established in 1988, were among the first to join the resistance against the military junta following the attempted coup in February 2021, despite previously signing the Nationwide Ceasefire Agreement with the military in 2015.
Resistance Forces Counter Military Junta Column in Sagaing's Budalin Township
Anti-junta resistance groups successfully countered a military junta column of approximately 80 troops in Ku Taw, 13 miles north of Budalin town, Sagaing Region, on 30 September 2024. The operation resulted in approximately 20 casualties among military junta personnel, with around 50 others taken into custody, according to resistance sources.
Despite air support from the Shante air base in Meiktila, the column was unable to maintain its position. Local sources reported only minor injuries among resistance forces during the operation. Resistance forces maintain control over the majority of Budalin Township, except for Ku Taw and Budalin town, situated approximately 20 miles north of Monywa, where the military junta's Northwestern Regional Command is headquartered.
Acting President Duwa Lashi La Urges Caution in International Relations
During a cabinet meeting on 24 September, Acting President of the National Unity Government, Duwa Lashi La, stressed the importance of ensuring the country does not become a tool for global powers or get entangled in international political games. “In the realm of international relations, it is crucial that we resist becoming a puppet of global powers or a mere figure in their political games. Regardless of a country’s size, it must uphold its dignity and sovereignty. We must respect the right of all ethnic groups within our nation to determine their own futures, while safeguarding the independent sovereignty of our country.” He emphasized the need to carefully navigate the country’s internal affairs amid the ongoing competition between global powers. The delicate balance of political and military forces within the nation is highly sensitive, and he urged skilful management of both hard and soft power to address political tensions.
NUG Prime Minister Urges Stable Administration during the Revolution
On 26 September 2024, National Unity Government Prime Minister Mahn Winn Khaing Thann called on the Central Committee for Interim Implementation of Public Administration to work collaboratively, highlighting the strength it would bring to the revolution if administrative functions could continue to operate stably. “It is essential to establish strong principles in both politics and administration,” said the Prime Minister, stressing that good governance depends not only on policies but on the people involved. He further emphasized that it is the government’s responsibility to ensure these principles are upheld and urged the committee to work diligently in overseeing and guiding administrative efforts.
NUG Calls for Public Reporting of Fraudulent Extortion Activities
According to the Myanmar Now’s report, The National Unity Government (NUG) issued a statement on 11 September 2024 addressing the increasing incidents of criminals impersonating resistance forces to extort money from civilians. The NUG's Ministry of Defence highlighted cases where unauthorized individuals have misused the names and emblems of People's Defence Force (PDF) battalions and People's Defence Teams (PDT) to demand protection payments.
The Ministry cited specific incidents in Mandalay Region where imposters targeted filling stations and shop owners, falsely claiming to conduct operations under NUG authority. Similar cases were reported in Magway Region, where business owners received threatening letters demanding payments.
Captain Mike Khe, commander of Myingyan District Battalion 9, confirmed at least three fraudulent letters using his group's name last year. He indicated that legitimate resistance forces focus solely on combat operations and do not engage in collecting funds from businesses.
The statement emphasized that any personnel found involved in unauthorized collection activities would face severe penalties under military law. The NUG urged civilians to report such incidents, reinforcing its commitment to maintaining the integrity of resistance operations.
This development comes as resistance forces have gained control of several towns in Mandalay Region, including Singu, Thabeikkyin, and Tagaung, following Operation 1027's resumption in June 2024. The NUG's statement reflects efforts to address growing concerns about unauthorized checkpoint activities and fraudulent collection practices in areas under resistance control.
NUG Ministry of Human Rights Urges UN Action against Military Junta Executions
On 24 September, the Ministry of Human Rights of the National Unity Government (NUG) called for an emergency meeting of the United Nations Security Council to address the terrorist military council’s resumption of executions. The Ministry condemned the military council’s actions and urged the international community to intervene. Reports indicate that the military council is preparing to execute democracy activists who have been unjustly sentenced to death. The executions follow closed-door prosecutions without an independent judicial system, a tactic aimed at spreading fear. In July 2022, the military council executed Ko Phyo Zeya Thaw, Ko Jimmy, Ko Hla Myo Aung, and Ko Aung Thura Zaw under similar circumstances. The United Nations’ Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM) issued a statement on 23 September, noting that the use of the death penalty or prolonged detention without fair trial processes could constitute a crime against humanity or a war crime. The ministry has called on ASEAN members, diplomats, and the United Nations to pressure the military council to halt all executions and release those detained arbitrarily. It also reiterated the need for an emergency UN Security Council meeting to ensure the implementation of Resolution 2669.
NUG Ministry of Human Rights Welcomes UN Report on Myanmar’s Human Rights Crisis
On 25 September 2024, the Ministry of Human Rights of the National Unity Government (NUG) issued a statement welcoming the submission of a report on Myanmar’s human rights situation to the 57th session of the United Nations Human Rights Council by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights. The report highlighted the deliberate targeting of civilians by the military council, including airstrikes and heavy weapons attacks. It also addressed the misuse of humanitarian aid following Typhoon Yagi, which was exploited for the junta’s interests. The report condemned forced military conscription targeting Myanmar’s youth, describing it as an intentional effort to destroy the younger generation. It also noted that women and individuals of different sexual orientations are being arbitrarily detained, tortured, and subjected to sexual violence. The Ministry of Human Rights reiterated the importance of enforcing UN Security Council Resolution 2669 (2022), which calls for a ban on arms, military equipment, and jet fuel imports to the military council. It further emphasized the need for Myanmar to be regularly included in the UN Security Council’s agenda and reports. In its statement, the ministry called for direct engagement with the NUG, ethnic armed forces, civil society groups, women, and youth to develop a new political process for Myanmar’s future. It urged the international community to explore innovative ways of delivering humanitarian assistance to all communities in need, including through cross-border operations and local organizations, while warning against collaboration with the military junta that continues to manipulate aid for military gain.
NUG Deputy Minister Denies Anti-China Allegations and U.S. Aid Claims
On 27 September, U Moe Zaw Oo, Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs for the National Unity Government (NUG), refuted claims that the NUG is involved in anti-China activities, stating that the terrorist military council is behind such actions while spreading false information to implicate the NUG. “It is the terrorist military council orchestrating systematic anti-China activities,” said the Deputy Minister, adding that the junta is using propaganda to suggest that the NUG has Western backing and is hostile towards China. He emphasized these claims are merely attempts to damage relations between the NUG and China. The Deputy Minister also denied rumours that the NUG receives substantial financial aid from the U.S., rejecting the military council’s propaganda that the United States provides $200 million annually to support the NUG as part of a strategy to control China.
NUG Deputy Minister Calls for Innovative Justice Approaches at UN General Assembly
During a session at the 79th United Nations General Assembly on September 25, U Aung Kyaw Moe, Deputy Minister of Human Rights for the National Unity Government (NUG), emphasized the need for new and innovative methods to break the cycle of impunity perpetuated by the terrorist military council in Myanmar. He stressed that resources must be used efficiently and sensitively, and that the concept of transformational justice must be internalized to drive meaningful change. The Deputy Minister also highlighted the importance of a victim-centered approach, along with the active involvement of local and international women’s organizations and civil society groups, in the pursuit of justice and accountability in Myanmar.
Myanmar Calls for Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons at UN High-Level Plenary Meeting
At the UN High-Level Plenary Meeting commemorating the International Day for the Total Elimination of Nuclear Weapons on 26 September 2024, Myanmar's Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Ambassador Kyaw Moe Tun, emphasized the urgent need for concrete actions toward nuclear disarmament.
Ambassador Kyaw Moe Tun condemned all forms of nuclear threats against non-Nuclear-Weapon States, stating that any use of nuclear weapons violates the UN Charter and would cause catastrophic humanitarian and environmental consequences. He reaffirmed Myanmar's commitment to nuclear disarmament.
The Ambassador drew parallels between the indiscriminate nature of nuclear weapons and the ongoing airstrikes and artillery attacks by the military junta in Myanmar since the 2021 illegal coup. He called upon all States to cease the transfer of arms, munitions, and dual-use items, including jet fuel, to prevent further attacks against the people of Myanmar, while reiterating the country's commitment to achieving a world free of nuclear weapons.
Response of the International Community
UN Reports Severe Human Rights Violations by Military Junta in Myanmar
The United Nations (UN) released a comprehensive report on 12 September 2024 detailing widespread human rights violations in Myanmar, highlighting the absence of rule of law and intensifying hostilities under military junta control.
James Rodehaver, head of the UN rights office's Myanmar team, emphasized that the junta has instrumentalized the legal system to criminalize dissent, creating a severe human rights crisis. The report documents that since the illegal coup in February 2021, at least 5,350 civilians have been killed, over 3.3 million displaced, and nearly 27,400 people arrested.
UN rights office spokeswoman Liz Throssell revealed that 1,853 people, including 88 children and 125 women, have died in custody. The report details systematic torture in detention facilities, including suspension from ceilings without food or water, forced kneeling on sharp objects, and exposure to wild animals to provoke terror. Detainees also reported severe physical abuse using iron poles, bamboo sticks, batons, rifle butts, leather strips, electric wires, and motorcycle chains. Additional torture methods included asphyxiation, mock executions, electrocution, and burning with various implements.
The junta's systematic use of torture demonstrates a pattern of grave violations of international human rights law and humanitarian principles. Rodehaver highlighted particularly disturbing reports of sexual violence against both male and female detainees, indicating the widespread nature of these atrocities.
The UN Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights stressed the urgent need for accountability, with High Commissioner Volker Turk calling on the UN Security Council to refer Myanmar's situation to the International Criminal Court. The report emphasizes that continued impunity enables further violations of international human rights and humanitarian law, necessitating immediate international action to address these systematic abuses.
Thai MP Calls for Reform to Address Myanmar Migration Crisis
Voice of America reported that Thai Member of Parliament Rangsiman Rome, who chairs the National Security Committee, has called for urgent reforms to address the escalating refugee crisis stemming from Myanmar following the military junta's attempted coup.
Rome criticized the Thai government's inadequate preparation and unclear policy framework for handling the influx of refugees. He proposed immediate measures including implementing a refugee registration system to provide legal status, access to education, employment opportunities, and healthcare services, while simultaneously reducing corruption by eliminating opportunities for bribery.
The MP emphasized that registering refugees would serve dual purposes - protecting vulnerable populations while enabling them to contribute to the economy through tax payments.
Rome stressed the necessity of addressing the root cause of the crisis in Myanmar. He urged ASEAN and the international community to increase pressure on the military junta to cease hostilities and create conditions conducive to refugee repatriation.
Highlighting Thailand's humanitarian responsibilities, Rome also emphasized the importance of combating illegal activities connected to the military junta, including money laundering operations.
The MP advocated for enhanced coordination among Thai government ministries, particularly in ensuring educational access for refugee children. He proposed opening the Thai education system to refugees to promote integration.
Rome called for Thailand-Myanmar cooperation to advance peace and democracy, expressing hope that refugees could eventually return to a stable Myanmar.
UK Condemns Human Rights Crisis in Myanmar at UN Human Rights Council
During the Interactive Dialogue with the High Commissioner for Human Rights, UK Human Rights Ambassador Eleanor Sanders delivered a statement on Myanmar's deepening humanitarian and human rights crisis.
Sanders reported that in August, more than 42,000 people were displaced, with the military junta conducting more airstrikes than any other month since the attempted coup. These strikes targeted villages, schools, and hospitals. The military junta continues to obstruct aid, preventing vital supplies from reaching those in need.
The UK announced its commitment to provide more than £40 million in humanitarian assistance this financial year, encouraging other Member States to consider increasing their support. This aid is crucial as people suffer from flooding impacts, growing food insecurity, and shortages of health and sanitation supplies.
Sanders highlighted that 20,000 people remain arbitrarily detained, including journalists, healthcare workers, and political prisoners. The Independent Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar (IIMM) has found credible reports of widespread torture and deaths in detention, including physical abuse and sexual and gender-based violence of the most horrific kind, including against children.
The UK called for the release of all arbitrarily detained persons and urged Myanmar to comply with the UN Convention against Torture and respect detainee rights.
ARTICLE 19 Raises Alarm Over Press Freedom Crisis in Myanmar
ARTICLE 19 made a statement during the interactive dialogue on the High Commissioner's report on Myanmar's human rights situation at the 57th Session of the UN Human Rights Council.
The organization welcomed the High Commissioner's report while highlighting that the human rights crisis continues to deepen as the military junta's coup persists. They emphasized that during armed conflict, freedom of expression becomes critical, as people depend on their right to seek, receive and impart information for their safety and well-being, with journalists and media workers serving as a lifeline.
The military junta is continuing its devastating assault on media to restrict information for its own political objectives, perpetuating cycles of violence. Myanmar now ranks as the world's second-worst jailer of journalists. This includes the recent sentencing of journalists Aung San Oo and Myo Myint Oo to 20 years and life in prison respectively under terrorism charges.
In their new report "Resisting Myanmar's Military Coup," ARTICLE 19 revealed how the military junta has been acquiring sophisticated online surveillance technology, entrenching what they term a 'digital dictatorship.' This technology provides tools to arrest, torture, and kill journalists, human rights defenders, and pro-democracy supporters. Additionally, the military junta has implemented measures to deny internet access, including recent blocks on virtual private networks essential for accessing independent media websites, social media, and messaging platforms.
ARTICLE 19 urged the High Commissioner and states committed to freedom of expression to call for the immediate and unconditional release of Aung San Oo, Myo Myint Oo, and other imprisoned journalists. They also encouraged the High Commissioner to increase calls on the military junta and relevant stakeholders to ensure access to open, interoperable, reliable, safe, and secure internet in Myanmar.
Pope Francis Offers Vatican Refuge to Daw Aung San Suu Kyi
According to Italian media on 24 September 2024, Pope Francis has offered refuge on Vatican territory for Myanmar's detained leader Daw Aung San Suu Kyi.
I asked for the release of Aung San Suu Kyi and I met her son in Rome. I have proposed to the Vatican to give her shelter on our territory, the Pope said during his meetings with Jesuits in Asia. These remarks were documented in Corriere della Sera daily by Italian priest Antonio Spadaro from private meetings held in Indonesia, East Timor, and Singapore between September 2 and 13.
We cannot stay silent about the situation in Myanmar today. We must do something, the Pope emphasized, adding that Myanmar's future should be based on peace, respect for dignity and rights of everyone, and respect for a democratic system enabling everyone to contribute to the common good.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, 79, is currently serving a 27-year prison sentence on various illegal and unreasonable charges that rights groups say stemmed from a sham closed-door trial designed to remove her from the political scene.
Her son Kim Aris told AFP that his mother would be grateful for the offer. I am sure that Maymay would express her gratitude to Pope Francis for urging the military junta to release her and his proposal to the Vatican to offer her refuge, he said, using a Burmese word for mother. Nonetheless, I am doubtful that the junta would take such a request into account, as they remain fearful of Maymay's popularity among the Burmese people, even from outside of the country.
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Date: 30 September 2024
Permanent Mission of Myanmar to the United Nations, New York
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